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What is abacavir-lamivudine?

Abacavir and lamivudine is an antiviral medication. It is in a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) medicines called reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Abacavir and lamivudine helps keep the HIV virus from reproducing in the body.

Abacavir and lamivudine is used to treat HIV, which causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Abacavir and lamivudine is not a cure for HIV or AIDS.

Abacavir and lamivudine may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide. This medication should not be given to children under 18 years old.

Precautions

Instructions

Side-effects

Interactions

Precautions

Do not take this medicine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to abacavir. Tell your doctor if you have had an allergic reaction to any medicine that contains abacavir, such as Combivir, Trizivir, or Ziagen. Once you have had an allergic reaction to abacavir and lamivudine, you must never use it again.

This medication may cause lactic acidosis (the build up of lactic acid in the body). Lactic acidosis symptoms can start slowly and gradually get worse. Symptoms include unusual muscle pain and weakness, trouble breathing, fast or uneven heart rate, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and numbness or cold feeling in your arms or legs. Contact your doctor at once if you have any of these symptoms, even if they are only mild. Early signs of lactic acidosis generally get worse over time and this condition can be fatal.

Your name may need to be listed on an abacavir patient registry when you start using this medication.

Before taking abacavir and lamivudine, tell your doctor if you have kidney or liver disease, including hepatitis. You may not be able to use this medication or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.

FDA pregnancy category C. This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. HIV can be passed to the baby if the mother is not properly treated during pregnancy. Take all of your HIV medicines as directed to control your infection while you are pregnant.

You should not breast-feed while you are using abacavir. Women with HIV or AIDS should not breast-feed at all. Even if your baby is born without HIV, you may still pass the virus to the baby in your breast milk.

Avoid having unprotected sex or sharing needles, razors, or toothbrushes. Taking this medication will not keep you from passing HIV to other people. Talk with your doctor about safe methods of preventing HIV transmission during sex, such as using a condom and spermicide. Sharing drug or medicine needles is never safe, even for a healthy person.

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Instructions

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. The symptoms of an abacavir and lamivudine overdose are not known.

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

Do not allow this medicine to run out completely before you get your prescription refilled. It is important that you not stop taking the medicine once you have started. If you miss several doses, you may have a dangerous or even fatal allergic reaction once you start taking abacavir again. If you stop taking abacavir and lamivudine for any reason, talk to your doctor before you start taking the medication again.

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Side-effects

Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to abacavir:

• Group 1 - fever;
• Group 2 - rash;
• Group 3 - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain;
• Group 4 - general tiredness, body aches;
• Group 5 - shortness of breath, cough, sore throat.

Once you have had an allergic reaction to abacavir, you must never use it again. If you stop taking abacavir and lamivudine for any reason, talk to your doctor before you start taking the medication again.

Other serious side effects that may not be signs of an allergic reaction include:

• stomach pain, low fever, lost appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
• muscle pain or weakness, numb or tingly feeling, and nausea with vomiting;
• fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms; or
• white patches or sores inside your mouth or on your lips.

Less serious side effects include:

• changes in the shape or location of body fat (especially in your arms, legs, face, neck, breasts, and trunk);
• sleep problems or strange dreams;
• headache, depression, anxiety; or
• mild diarrhea.

This list is not complete, and other side effects may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effects.

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Interactions

Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:

• methadone (Methadose, Dolophine);
• ribavirin (Copegus, Rebetron, Virazole);
• interferon (Rebetron, Roferon, Intron, Alferon, Infergen, Avonex, Rebif, Betaseron, Actimune);
• zalcitabine (ddC, Hivid);
• lamivudine (3TC, Epivir);
• abacavir (Ziagen);
• lamivudine and zidovudine (Combivir); or
• abacavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine (Trizivir).

If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to take abacavir and lamivudine, or you may need dosage adjustments or special monitoring during treatment.

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can affect abacavir and lamivudine. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

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